Androstenedione

1. How will the test interpreted?

A normal androstenedione level, in conjunction with other normal androgen levels and adrenal tests, suggests typical adrenal gland function. However, in the presence of an adrenal tumor or cancer, an androstenedione level may still be normal or elevated, depending on the hormones it secretes. In polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), androstenedione levels might be elevated, but they can also be normal since this disorder is primarily associated with ovarian androgen production, particularly testosterone.

An elevated androstenedione level indicates increased production from the adrenal glands, ovaries, or testicles. Minor fluctuations in concentration are generally within the normal range. An increase may point to conditions such as adrenal tumor, adrenal cancer, adrenal hyperplasia, or congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). However, an elevated level is not diagnostic of a specific condition; it typically signals the need for further testing to identify the underlying cause.

A low androstenedione level may result from adrenal gland dysfunction, adrenal insufficiency, or ovarian or testicular failure.

For individuals with CAH undergoing glucocorticoid steroid treatment, normal androstenedione levels often indicate effective suppression of excess androgen production. Conversely, elevated levels suggest the need for adjustments in treatment. Ongoing monitoring is crucial for managing conditions and ensuring treatment efficacy. Interpretation of these results should be conducted by a healthcare professional considering the complete clinical context.

2. Is the presence of symptoms common in individuals with elevated androstenedione levels?

Not necessarily. The nature and intensity of symptoms can differ among individuals and may also vary with age. Adult men, having already developed masculine secondary sexual characteristics, typically may not exhibit symptoms in response to increased androstenedione levels.

3. Is this test prescribed for purposes beyond identifying issues with the adrenal gland, ovaries, or testicles?

Certainly, the measurement of androstenedione levels, also known as "andro," can be included in testing for sports doping. Illegally taken by some athletes as a performance-enhancing drug, androstenedione is converted by the body into an anabolic steroida synthetic form of testosterone. While intended to aid in muscle development, similar to other anabolic steroids, its use can impede bone growth, impact the heart, and, in certain instances, lead to liver damage.